A revision of malbranchea-like fungi from clinical specimens in the United States of America reveals unexpected novelty.
IMA Fungus, 2021/9/07;12(1):25.
Rodríguez-Andrade E[1], Cano-Lira JF[2], Wiederhold N[3], Pérez-Cantero A[1], Guarro J[1], Stchigel AM[1]
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PMID: 34493345DOI: 10.1186/s43008-021-00075-x
Impact factor: 8.044
Abstract
The fungi of the order Onygenales can cause important human infections; however, their taxonomy and worldwide occurrence is still little known. We have studied and identified a representative number of clinical fungi belonging to that order from a reference laboratory in the USA. A total of 22 strains isolated from respiratory tract (40%) and human skin and nails (27.2%) showed a malbranchea-like morphology. Six genera were phenotypically and molecularly identified, i.e. Auxarthron/Malbranchea (68.2%), Arachnomyces (9.1%), Spiromastigoides (9.1%), and Currahmyces (4.5%), and two newly proposed genera (4.5% each). Based on the results of the phylogenetic study, we synonymized Auxarthron with Malbranchea, and erected two new genera: Pseudoarthropsis and Pseudomalbranchea. New species proposed are: Arachnomyces bostrychodes, A. graciliformis, Currahmyces sparsispora, Malbranchea gymnoascoides, M. multiseptata, M. stricta, Pseudoarthropsis crassispora, Pseudomalbranchea gemmata, and Spiromastigoides geomycoides, along with a new combination for Malbranchea gypsea. The echinocandins showed the highest in vitro antifungal activity against the studied isolates, followed by terbinafine and posaconazole; in contrast, amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole and 5-fluorocytosine were less active or lacked in vitro activity against these fungi.
Keywords: Antifungals; Arachnomycetales; Auxarthron; Clinical fungi; Malbranchea; New taxa; Onygenales
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