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34465762
Downregulated expression of S2-RNase attenuates self-incompatibility in "Guiyou No. 1" pummelo.

Hortic Res, 2021/9/01;8(1):199.

Hu J[1], Xu Q[1], Liu C[1], Liu B[2], Deng C[2], Chen C[2], Wei Z[3], Ahmad MH[1], Peng K[1], Wen H[1], Chen X[4], Chen P[5], Larkin RM[1], Ye J[1], Deng X[1], Chai L[6]

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PMID: 34465762DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00634-8

Impact factor: 7.291

Abstract
Self-incompatibility (SI) substantially restricts the yield and quality of citrus. Therefore, breeding and analyzing self-compatible germplasm is of great theoretical and practical significance for citrus. Here, we focus on the mechanism of a self-compatibility mutation in 'Guiyou No. 1' pummelo (Citrus maxima), which is a spontaneous mutant of 'Shatian' pummelo (Citrus maxima, self-incompatibility). The rate of fruit set and the growth of pollen tubes in the pistil confirmed that a spontaneous mutation in the pistil is responsible for the self-compatibility of 'Guiyou No. 1'. Segregation ratios of the S genotype in F1 progeny, expression analysis, and western blotting validated that the reduced levels of S2-RNase mRNA contribute to the loss of SI in 'Guiyou No. 1'. Furthermore, we report a phased assembly of the 'Guiyou No. 1' pummelo genome and obtained two complete and well-annotated S haplotypes. Coupled with an analysis of SV variations, methylation levels, and gene expression, we identified a candidate gene (CgHB40), that may influence the regulation of the S2-RNase promoter. Our data provide evidence that a mutation that affects the pistil led to the loss of SI in 'Guiyou No. 1' by influencing a poorly understood mechanism that affects transcriptional regulation. This work significantly advances our understanding of the genetic basis of the SI system in citrus and provides information on the regulation of S-RNase genes.
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