Suppression of induced pluripotent stem cell generation by the p53-p21 pathway.
Nature, 2009/8/27;460(7259):1132-5.
Hong H[1], Takahashi K, Ichisaka T, Aoi T, Kanagawa O, Nakagawa M, Okita K, Yamanaka S
Affiliations
PMID: 19668191DOI: 10.1038/nature08235
Impact factor: 69.504
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells can be generated from somatic cells by the introduction of Oct3/4 (also known as Pou5f1), Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc, in mouse and in human. The efficiency of this process, however, is low. Pluripotency can be induced without c-Myc, but with even lower efficiency. A p53 (also known as TP53 in humans and Trp53 in mice) short-interfering RNA (siRNA) was recently shown to promote human iPS cell generation, but the specificity and mechanisms remain to be determined. Here we report that up to 10% of transduced mouse embryonic fibroblasts lacking p53 became iPS cells, even without the Myc retrovirus. The p53 deletion also promoted the induction of integration-free mouse iPS cells with plasmid transfection. Furthermore, in the p53-null background, iPS cells were generated from terminally differentiated T lymphocytes. The suppression of p53 also increased the efficiency of human iPS cell generation. DNA microarray analyses identified 34 p53-regulated genes that are common in mouse and human fibroblasts. Functional analyses of these genes demonstrate that the p53-p21 pathway serves as a barrier not only in tumorigenicity, but also in iPS cell generation.
MeSH terms
Adult; Animals; Cell Differentiation; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; Embryo, Mammalian; Female; Fibroblasts; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Silencing; Genes, myc; Humans; Kruppel-Like Factor 4; Male; Mice; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Plasmids; Pluripotent Stem Cells; T-Lymphocytes; Transfection; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
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