Full name: toll-like receptor 4

Gene type: protein coding

RefSeq status: REVIEWED

Also known as: Lps; Ly87; Ran/M1; Rasl2-8

Summary: This gene belongs to the evolutionarily-conserved Toll-like receptor family, whose members are type-1 transmembrane proteins that are involved in innate immunity. Toll-like receptors are characterized by an extracellular leucine-rich repeat domain that functions in ligand recognition and an intracellular toll/interleukin-1 receptor-like domain that is crucial for signal transduction. The receptor encoded by this gene mediates the innate immune response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide, a major component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, through synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. In addition, this protein can recognize other pathogens from Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria as well as viral components. Mice deficient in this gene display a number of immune response-related phenotypes including hyporesponsiveness to bacterial lipopolysaccharide and increased levels of respiratory syncytial virus compared to controls. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]

Expression: Broad expression in bladder adult (RPKM 2.0), subcutaneous fat pad adult (RPKM 1.2) and 20 other tissues

Gene size: 19551bp

Exon count: 3