Methods for the analysis of organophosphorus flame retardants-Comparison of GC-EI-MS, GC-NCI-MS, LC-ESI-MS/MS, and LC-APCI-MS/MS.
J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng, 2018/4/16;53(5):475-481.
Tokumura M[1], Miyake Y[1], Wang Q[1], Nakayama H[1], Amagai T[1], Ogo S[2], Kume K[3], Kobayashi T[4], Takasu S[5], Ogawa K[5]
Affiliations
PMID: 29303426DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2017.1410419
Impact factor: 2.582
Abstract
Organophosphorus flame retardants (PFRs) are extensively used as alternatives to banned polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD). In this study, we analyzed 14 PFRs by means of four mass-spectrometry-based methods: gas chromatography combined with electron-impact mass spectrometry (GC-EI-MS) or negative-chemical-ionization mass spectrometry (GC-NCI-MS) and liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry using electrospray ionization (LC-ESI-MS/MS) or atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (LC-APCI-MS/MS). The limits of quantification (LOQs) for LC-ESI-MS/MS and LC-APCI-MS/MS (0.81-970 pg) were 1-2 orders of magnitude lower than the LOQs for GC-EI-MS and GC-NCI-MS (2.3-3900 pg). LC-APCI-MS/MS showed the lowest LOQs (mean = 41 pg; median = 3.4 pg) for all but two of the PFRs targeted in this study. For LC-APCI-MS/MS, the lowest LOQ was observed for tributyl phosphate (TBP) (0.81 pg), and the highest was observed for tris(butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBOEP) (36 pg). The results of this study indicate that LC-APCI-MS/MS is the optimum analytical method for the target PFRs, at least in terms of LOQ.
Keywords: Analytical method; GC-EI-MS; GC-NCI-MS; LC-APCI-MS/MS; LC-ESI-MS/MS; organophosphorus flame retardants
MeSH terms
Chromatography, Liquid; Flame Retardants; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; Hydrocarbons, Brominated; Organophosphates; Spectroscopy, Electron Energy-Loss; Tandem Mass Spectrometry
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