Midostaurin
Other name
-
International/Other brands
Rydapt
Groups
Approved
Structure
Prescription products
| Name | Dosage | Strength | Route | Labeller |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rydapt | Capsule, liquid filled | 25 mg/1 | Oral | Novartis |
| Rydapt | Capsule | 25 mg | Oral | Novartis |
Target
PRKCA
Description
Midostaurin (as Rydapt) is a multitarget kinase inhibitor for the treatment for adult patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who have a specific genetic mutation called FLT3. It was initially characterized as a potential broad-spectrum antineoplastic agent, with activity toward diverse solid and hematopoietic tumors [4]. It was approved on April 28, 2017 and has shown to increase the overall survival rate in patients with AML as an adjunct therapy along with chemotherapeutic agents.
Indications
Leukemia Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) ;Malignant mast cell neoplasm; Systemic Mastocytosis; Systemic mastocytosis with associated hematological neoplasm
Other indications
It potently inhibits multiple receptor tyrosine kinases. Midostaurin and its major active metabolites CGP62221 and CGP52421 inhibit the activity of protein kinase C alpha (PKCalpha), VEGFR2, KIT, PDGFR and WT and/or mutant FLT3 tyrosine kinases. Inhibition of FLT3 receptor signalling cascades induces apoptosis of target leukemia cells expressing target receptors and mast cells, in addition to its antiproliferative activity toward multiple cancer cell lines [4]. Midostaurin also interacts with organic anion transporter (OATP) 1A1 and multidrug resistance protein (MRP)-2 according to preliminary in vitro studies.
Mechaism of action
-
Absorption
-
Metabolism
Midostaurin is primarily metabolized into CGP62221 and CGP52421 via hepatic CYP3A4 enzymatic activity. The metabolism of CGP62221 takes place initially in a linear relationship whereas CGP52421 formation is an inducible process
Toxicity
In a fertility study involving female and male rats, there is evidence of reproductive toxicity including reduced sperm count and decline pregnancy rates when administering 0.01 to 0.1 times the recommended dose in humans. LD50 for oral midostaurin for mouse, rat and rabbit are 300mg/kg, 980mg/kg and 3200mg/kg, respectively [8]. Incidences of pulmonary toxicities including interstitial lung disease and pneumonitis have occured in few patients undergoing midostaurin monotherapy or combination therapy.