A Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly of Garlic (Allium sativum) Provides Insights into Genome Evolution and Allicin Biosynthesis.
Mol Plant, 2020/09/07;13(9):1328-1339.
Sun X[1], Zhu S[2], Li N[1], Cheng Y[2], Zhao J[3], Qiao X[1], Lu L[4], Liu S[1], Wang Y[2], Liu C[2], Li B[3], Guo W[3], Gao S[3], Yang Z[2], Li F[2], Zeng Z[2], Tang Q[2], Pan Y[5], Guan M[1], Zhao J[3], Lu X[1], Meng H[5], Han Z[1], Gao C[2], Jiang W[3], Zhao X[3], Tian S[3], Su J[6], Cheng Z[7], Liu T[8]
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PMID: 32730994DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2020.07.019
Impact factor: 21.949
Abstract
Garlic, an economically important vegetable, spice, and medicinal crop, produces highly enlarged bulbs and unique organosulfur compounds. Here, we report a chromosome-level genome assembly for garlic, with a total size of approximately 16.24 Gb, as well as the annotation of 57 561 predicted protein-coding genes, making garlic the first Allium species with a sequenced genome. Analysis of this garlic genome assembly reveals a recent burst of transposable elements, explaining the substantial expansion of the garlic genome. We examined the evolution of certain genes associated with the biosynthesis of allicin and inulin neoseries-type fructans, and provided new insights into the biosynthesis of these two compounds. Furthermore, a large-scale transcriptome was produced to characterize the expression patterns of garlic genes in different tissues and at various growth stages of enlarged bulbs. The reference genome and large-scale transcriptome data generated in this study provide valuable new resources for research on garlic biology and breeding.
Keywords: allicin; expression profiling; garlic genome; genome evolution; inulin neoseries-type fructans
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