Neuron-glia signaling: Implications for astrocyte differentiation and synapse formation.
Life Sci, 2011/10/10;89(15-16):524-31.
Stipursky J[1], Romão L, Tortelli V, Neto VM, Gomes FC
Affiliations
PMID: 21569780DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2011.04.005
Impact factor: 6.78
Abstract
Glial cells are currently viewed as active partners of neurons in synapse formation. The close proximity of astrocytes to the synaptic cleft implicates that they strongly influence synapse function as well as suggests that these cells might be potential targets for neuronal-released molecules. In this review, we discuss the signaling pathways of astrocyte generation and the role of astrocyte-derived molecules in synapse formation in the central nervous system. Further, we discuss the role of the excitatory neurotransmitter, glutamate and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) pathway in astrocyte generation and differentiation. We provide evidence that astrocytes surrounding synapses are target of neuronal activity and shed light into the role of astroglial cells into neurological disorders associated with glutamate neurotoxicity.
MeSH terms
Animals; Astrocytes; Cell Differentiation; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neuroglia; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Signal Transduction; Synapses; Transforming Growth Factor beta1
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