PMID- 35406474 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE VI - 14 IP - 7 TI - Unravelling Prostate Cancer Heterogeneity Using Spatial Approaches to Lipidomics and Transcriptomics. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - Switzerland TA - Cancers (basel) JT - Cancers JID - 101526829 IS - 2072-6694 (Print) LID - 1702 [pii] LID - 10.3390/cancers14071702 [doi] FAU - Mutuku, Shadrack M AU - Mutuku SM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6285-9895 AD - Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. AD - South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia. FAU - Spotbeen, Xander AU - Spotbeen X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1510-967X AD - Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Cancer, Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. FAU - Trim, Paul J AU - Trim PJ AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8734-3433 AD - Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. AD - South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia. FAU - Snel, Marten F AU - Snel MF AD - Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. AD - South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia. FAU - Butler, Lisa M AU - Butler LM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2698-3220 AD - Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. AD - South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia. AD - South Australian Immunogenomics Cancer Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. AD - Freemasons Centre for Male Health and Wellbeing, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. FAU - Swinnen, Johannes V AU - Swinnen JV AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7720-5077 AD - Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Cancer, Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. IS - 2072-6694 (Linking) OTO - NOTNLM OT - MALDI OT - biomarkers OT - lipidomics OT - lipids OT - mass spectrometry imaging OT - metabolomics OT - prostate cancer LR - 20220412 DP - 2022 Mar 27 DEP - 20220327 AB - Due to advances in the detection and management of prostate cancer over the past 20 years, most cases of localised disease are now potentially curable by surgery or radiotherapy, or amenable to active surveillance without treatment. However, this has given rise to a new dilemma for disease management; the inability to distinguish indolent from lethal, aggressive forms of prostate cancer, leading to substantial overtreatment of some patients and delayed intervention for others. Driving this uncertainty is the critical deficit of novel targets for systemic therapy and of validated biomarkers that can inform treatment decision-making and to select and monitor therapy. In part, this lack of progress reflects the inherent challenge of undertaking target and biomarker discovery in clinical prostate tumours, which are cellularly heterogeneous and multifocal, necessitating the use of spatial analytical approaches. In this review, the principles of mass spectrometry-based lipid imaging and complementary gene-based spatial omics technologies, their application to prostate cancer and recent advancements in these technologies are considered. We put in perspective studies that describe spatially-resolved lipid maps and metabolic genes that are associated with prostate tumours compared to benign tissue and increased risk of disease progression, with the aim of evaluating the future implementation of spatial lipidomics and complementary transcriptomics for prognostication, target identification and treatment decision-making for prostate cancer.