PMID- 34895349 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE VI - 9 IP - 1 TI - Application and prospects of single cell sequencing in tumors. PG - 88 CI - © 2021. The Author(s). LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - England TA - Biomark Res JT - Biomarker research JID - 101607860 IS - 2050-7771 (Print) LID - 10.1186/s40364-021-00336-2 [doi] FAU - Huang, Ruo Han AU - Huang RH AD - Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China. FAU - Wang, Le Xin AU - Wang LX AD - Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China. FAU - He, Jing AU - He J AD - Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China. hejinggy@163.com. FAU - Gao, Wen AU - Gao W AUID- ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0749-7676 AD - Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China. gaowen@jsph.org.cn. IS - 2050-7771 (Linking) OTO - NOTNLM OT - Clinical applications OT - Single cell sequencing OT - Tumor microenvironment OT - Tumors LR - 20211213 DP - 2021 Dec 11 DEP - 20211211 AB - Cancer is an intricate disease with inherent intra-tumor heterogeneity at the cellular level because of genetic changes and environmental differences. Cellular heterogeneity exists even within the same tumor type. Small deviations in a genome or transcriptome can lead to significant differences in function. Conventional bulk population sequencing, which produces admixed populations of cells, can only provide an average expression signal for one cell population, ignoring differences between individual cells. Important advances in sequencing have been made in recent years. Single cell sequencing starts in a single cell, thereby increasing our capability to characterize intratumor heterogeneity. This technology has been used to analyze genetic variation, specific metabolic activity, and evolutionary processes in tumors, which may help us understand tumor occurrence and development and improve our understanding of the tumor microenvironment. In addition, it provides a theoretical basis for the development of clinical treatments, especially for personalized medicine. In this article, we briefly introduce Single cell sequencing technology, summarize the application of Single cell sequencing to study the tumor microenvironment, as well as its therapeutic application in different clinical procedures.